Introduction
The history and influence of haute couture began in Paris, France with Charles Frederick Worth (1825-1895). Worth is noted as the inventor of haute couture thanks to his work in the 19th century fashion world. Worth started working for a retailer in Paris, Gagelin-Opigez et Cie, which specialized in accessories, dress making, and fabrics. Gagelin-Opigez et Cie possessed a clientele of the upper class of Paris. He worked there from 1852 to 1858. Eventually, Worth created his own line in partnership with Otto Gustave Bobergh (1821-1882), thus creating a line called, “Worth and Bobergh”. Worth and Bobergh created a similar atmosphere as that of Gagelin-Opigez et Cie, such as the shopping experience, selling ready made designs, fabrics, and accessories.
Worth and Bobergh gained recognition from the upper classes and royal families in Paris and throughout Europe. Princess Metternich (1836-1921), who married the Austrian ambassador, Richard von Metternich (1856-1895), in France, first wore a gown designed by Worth and Bobergh in 1859. Princess Metternich was an Austrian socialite and was well known for her fashion sense. From there, the fashion designers were commissioned by Empress Eugénie (1826-1920) as well as the French court. Empress Eugénie married Napoleon III (1853-1873), and was well regarded as always having the best styles and fashions.
After the Franco Prussian War (July 19, 1870-May 10, 1871), a conflict between the North German Confederation and the Second French Empire, Bobergh retired and Charles Frederick Worth opened the House of Worth. During Worth’s time as a solo designer, he still acquired clients of the highest classes.
Charles Frederick Worth is one of the many fashion designers from the 20th century who had extreme influence on fashion then and now. His influence was on fashion houses and designs that are still inspiring today.